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Showing 1 - 7 of 7 matches in All Departments
New, specially commissioned essays providing an in-depth scholarly introduction to the great thinker of the European Enlightenment. Johann Gottfried Herder (1744-1803) is one of the great names of the classical age of German literature. One of the last universalists, he wrote on aesthetics, literary history and theory, historiography, anthropology, psychology,education, and theology; translated and adapted poetry from ancient Greek, English, Italian, even from Persian and Arabic; collected folk songs from around the world; and pioneered a better understanding of non-European cultures.A student of Kant's, he became Goethe's mentor in Strasbourg, and was a mastermind of the Sturm und Drang and a luminary of classical Weimar. But the wide range of Herder's interests and writings, along with his unorthodox ways of seeing things, seems to have prevented him being fully appreciated for any of them. His image has also been clouded by association with political ideologies, the proponents of which ignored the message of Humanitat in histexts. So although Herder is acknowledged by scholars to be one of the great thinkers of European Enlightenment, there is no up-to-date, comprehensive introduction to his works in English, a lacuna this book fills with seventeennew, specially commissioned essays. Contributors: Hans Adler, Wulf Koepke, Steven Martinson, Marion Heinz and Heinrich Clairmont, John Zammito, Jurgen Trabant, Stefan Greif, Ulrich Gaier, Karl Menges, Christoph Bultmann, Martin Kessler, Arnd Bohm, Gerhard Sauder, Robert E. Norton, Harro Muller-Michaels, Gunter Arnold, Kurt Kloocke, and Ernest A. Menze. Hans Adler is Halls-Bascom Professor of Modern Literature Studies at the Universityof Wisconsin-Madison. Wulf Koepke is Distinguished Professor Emeritus of German, Texas A&M University and recipient of the Medal of the International J. G. Herder Society.
In this philosophically sophisticated and historically significant
work, John H. Zammito reconstructs Kant's composition of The
Critique of Judgment and reveals that it underwent three major
transformations before publication. He shows that Kant not only
made his cognitive turn, expanding the project from a Critique of
Taste to a Critique of Judgment but he also made an ethical turn.
This ethical turn was provoked by controversies in German
philosophical and religious culture, in particular the writings of
Johann Herder and the Sturm und Drang movement in art and science,
as well as the related pantheism controversy. Such topicality made
the Third Critique pivotal in creating a Kantian movement in the
1790s, leading directly to German Idealism and Romanticism.
Since the 1950s, many philosophers of science have attacked
positivism--the theory that scientific knowledge is grounded in
objective reality. Reconstructing the history of these critiques,
John H. Zammito argues that while so-called postpositivist theories
of science are very often invoked, they actually provide little
support for fashionable postmodern approaches to science studies.
A collection of essays investigating key historical and scientific questions relating to the concept of natural purpose in Kant's philosophy of biology. Understanding Purpose is an exploration of the central concept of natural purpose [Naturzweck] in Kant's philosophy of biology. Kant's work in this area is marked by a strong teleological concern: living organisms, in his view, are qualitatively different from mechanistic devices, and as a result they cannot be understood by means of the same principles. At the same time, Kant's own use of the concept of purpose does not presuppose any theological commitments, and is merely "regulative"; that is, it is employed as a heuristic device. The contributors to this volume also investigate the following key historical questions relating to Kant's philosophy of biology: How does it relate to European work in the life sciences that was done before Kant arrived on the scene? How did Kant's unique approach to the philosophy of biology in turn influence later work in this area? The issues explored in this volume are as pertinent to the history of philosophy as they are to the history of science -- it is precisely the blurred boundaries between these two disciplines that allows for new perspectives on Kantianism and early nineteenth-century German biology to emerge. Contributors: Jean-Claude Dupont, Mark Fisher, Philippe Huneman, Robert J. Richards, Phillip R. Sloan, Stephane Schmitt, and John Zammito. Philippe Huneman is researcher at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit of the Universite Paris.
The emergence of biology as a distinct science in the eighteenth century has long been a subject of scholarly controversy. Michel Foucault, on the one hand, argued that its appearance only after 1800 represented a fundamental rupture with the natural history that preceded it, marking the beginnings of modernity. Ernst Mayr, on the other hand, insisted that even the word "biology" was unclear in its meaning as late as 1800, and that the field itself was essentially prospective well into the 1800s. In The Gestation of German Biology, historian of ideas John Zammito presents a different version of the emergence of the field, one that takes on both Foucault and Mayr and emphasizes the scientific progress throughout the eighteenth century that led to the recognition of the need for a special science. The embrace of the term biology around 1800, Zammito shows, was the culmination of a convergence between natural history and human physiology that led to the development of comparative physiology and morphology the foundations of biology. Magisterial in scope, Zammito's book offers nothing less than a revisionist history of the field, with which anyone interested in the origins of biology will have to contend.
If Kant had never made the "critical turn" of 1773, would he be
worth more than a paragraph in the history of philosophy? Most
scholars think not. But in this pioneering book, John H. Zammito
challenges that view by revealing a precritical Kant who was
immensely more influential than the one philosophers think they
know. Zammito also reveals Kant's former student and latter-day
rival, Johann Herder, to be a much more philosophically interesting
thinker than is usually assumed and, in many important respects,
historically as significant as Kant.
If Kant had never made the "critical turn" of 1773, would he be
worth more than a paragraph in the history of philosophy? Most
scholars think not. But in this pioneering book, John H. Zammito
challenges that view by revealing a precritical Kant who was
immensely more influential than the one philosophers think they
know. Zammito also reveals Kant's former student and latter-day
rival, Johann Herder, to be a much more philosophically interesting
thinker than is usually assumed and, in many important respects,
historically as significant as Kant.
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